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November 2017 - Colonizing the Moon 

Report #33 - October 2017

Discovering Gravitational Waves

Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space-time, like the ripples of water in a pond. 

Image Credit: https://jeremyfe.deviantart.com/art/Water-Ripples-in-Black-and-White-309450062

"Gravitational Waves 101" Youtube video. 

Credit: National Geographic, 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsJLX2qLFpE

According to Caltech and MIT's LIGO, Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, gravitational waves are "ripples in the fabric of space-time" due to massive objects, like black holes or neutron stars, moving at blinding speeds, or "violent accelerations." Although Albert Einstein predicted their existence over 100 years ago in 1916, it wasn't until recently on September 14, 2015 that physical proof was found when LIGO, through observing the collision of two black holes 1.3 billion light years away, "physically sensed distortions in space-time." 

Learn more about LIGO's discovery: https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/news/ligo20160211

Learn more about gravitational waves: https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/page/gravitational-waves

What's the big deal about gravitational waves? 

Up until now, scientists relied heavily on electromagnetic radiation, spanning from radio waves to visible light to gamma rays, in order to study objects and various phenomena in Space. However, gravitational waves are on a completely different level of observation because they are not electromagnetic radiation, "carrying information about cosmic objects and events that is not carried by electromagnetic radiation." Take the example of two black holes colliding. When this happens, very little electromagnetic radiation is emitted, but so much gravitational waves are to the point that, when detected, they will "'shine brightly' like beacons on an utterly dark cosmic sea." Gravitational waves, because they do not interact with matter like electromagnetic radiation do, ensure that information is not altered or distorted as it makes it way through Space to Earth. They are a new way of studying the universe and will allow scientists to learn more about the universe's origin and how cataclysmic events, like colliding black holes, work. The discovery of gravitational waves is truly a revolution in Space research.

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